Tag Archives: china
10 Tea Destinations You Should Visit Once In Your Life
Image credit: Turkish tea by Sztanco Demeter
It warms us up when we are cool and it will cool us if we are too heated. Tea is the second most consumed drink in the world after water and this is probably the reason why it has become a worldwide little treasure- From the time of the ancient Chinese Dynasty to our present, tea has taught us there is nothing better than its flavour when it comes to relaxing or catching up with friends and family. Welcome to the worldwide art of drinking tea!
Argentine: The land of mate
People say that in order to know beautiful Argentine, you need to try its meat and of course, its mate. Did you know there is an entire museum dedicated to mate? This herb is without any doubt the national drink in the country and it is said that the more you drink it, the strongest the after-taste. If you fancy some more information about this caffeine-rich infused drink, don´t hesitate to visit Museo del Mate (289, Lavalle, 1648 Tigre, Buenos Aires). Image credit: Mate by Marta López
Morocco: Experience the mint tea!
You can’t really say you know the mint tea flavour unless you have been to Morocco. Touareg tea, how Moroccon mint tea is named here, is the real heart of this culture and it is strongly linked to the act of hospitality. In this sense, tea is served to guesses three times-Of course the guess will always have to drink the glass!
China: The art of making tea
Image: All the tea in China by Adam Cohn via Flickr
China is the birthplace for tea; here people have been producing tea over the years, something they call “Chao dao”, which was also exported to Japan. This country is a perfect destination for tea lovers that will be able to visit the only National Tea Museum in the country (opened in 1991 and based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang), where you can find out more about the strong tea culture in this place.
India: The world of Chai
India consumes more tea than any other country in the world. Whoever visits this destination will find out that this drink is literally served on every corner, especially in crowded train stations where you will see people selling this drink from early hours in the morning until night. To find out more about the tea culture in the country, pop in at Kanan Devan Hills Tea Museum (Munnar, India).
Japan: The matcha ceremony
Image credit: Matcha tradition in Japan by Flickr
Tea is in this country a huge part of the food culture. Even though the diversity of teas here is endless, whenever someone mentions this drink is known it’s referred to green tea. The tea ceremony is called here matcha and is seen as a ritual that generations have been using for ages and which consists of serving green tea to a small group in one of those popular old teahouses.
New Zealand: The tea explosion
Like in America, people from New Zealand get interested in this drink because of its healthy reputation. According to historians, New Zealand imported considerable amounts of tea in the nineteenth-century, with the arrival of the British missionaries. A fun fact about the tea culture in this country is that its only commercial tea plantation is called Zealong, which launched its first list of products in 2009.
Russia: Drink tea as a guest
Russians drink tea at different times of the day. Originally introduced by the Mongolians, it has turned into an important part of the Russian culture and today we could say that there is no Russia without this drink. Follow the local style and try a cup of Zavarka, a very strong tea prepared in a separate pot that allows guests to have several tea rounds.
Britain: Enjoy an afternoon tea
Image credit: The Goring by Expedia
There is nothing more British than having a proper afternoon tea, which owes its origins to Anna, the 7th Duchess of Bedford. Today this ritual attracts hundreds of travellers, especially in London, a city that hosts a wide chic selection of hotels and cafés offering this service. Top tip: Although most hotels in London offer the best afternoon tea in the country, as blogger Antonia Windsor details in this article on the Expedia blog, it’s important to remember that British people, especially Londoners, tend to save these posh sessions for a special occasion. If you ever visit the British capital and you fancy a real afternoon tea, book a table at Claridge´s Hotel (Brook St, Mayfair, London) Cost: £50.
Thailand: A popular tea around the world
Thai tea is one of the most popular teas in the world and it has been attracting consumers over the years across different continents. It is made from strongly-brewed red tea that usually contains anise, red and yellow food colouring and sometimes other spices too. Visit The Museum Coffee & Tea Corner (1, Damnernkasem Road, Hua Hin) and enjoy amazing garden views whilst enjoying classical music.
USA: The tea explosion
Tea is in the States one of the most popular non-alcoholic drinks in 2014. It doesn’t matter if you fancy green, red or even oolong tea, as they are all included in North American people’s healthy diet so you won’ t have issues when it comes to finding them on the menu. Top tip: Remember that American coffee is still preferred for the morning ritual!
Image credit: Starbucks tea by Vivian Farinazzo via Flickr
Author Bio
Marta López is a travel writer based in London. She loves travelling and discovering new cultures. When she isn’t writing on her laptop she can be found around the city looking for the latest tea shops.
MH 370… A Conspiracy?
The quiet after such an event is unsettling. 239 people are missing and still there are no signs of anything being done to remedy this. The facts seem to make the loss of this aircraft almost impossible and unlikely. Lets’ start at the beginning and see what we can ascertain. March 8, 2014 Flight MH370 from Kuala Lumpur to Hong Kong vanished from sight. No distress calls were indicated by pilots or electrical systems. No wreckage of a crash site has been discovered. The question still remains: what happened to flight MH370? Before we look as far as the flight, we have to look before the announcements were made! 2 stolen passports were recorded and queried after the flight had left the ground and not before. One Italian (Luigi Maraldi, 37) and one Austrian. (Christian Kozel).
The strange thing about this is, I heard from the Walter Maraldi before I heard about the missing plane! This what he said over the missing passport, “Last summer he was in Thailand and handed over the passport so he could hire a scooter but when he brought it back, they said they had already given it back to someone else, so he reported it stolen. The whole thing is a mix up – we have no idea who the person was that used my son’s passport. The first I knew something had happened was when my son rang from Thailand on Saturday morning to say he was alive.” “He said he had seen his name on the news reports as being on the missing airplane and he wanted to let us know he was alive and well. To be honest, I had no idea what he was talking about as I hadn’t seen the news by then.” “Once everything was cleared up, we said goodbye and I went and watched the news – a few minutes later the Italian Foreign Ministry rang to ask if I was the father of Luigi Maraldi and to say that he was on the passenger list.” “They were amazed when I said they were mistaken as I had just spoken to him and he was fine. They asked me for his number so they could call and check for themselves. They said his passport had been used by someone and they needed to check for certain he was OK. We are delighted that he is ok but he was never really involved in the disaster directly.” Mr Kozel discovered he had been listed when uniformed police officers turned up at his home in Salzburg at the weekend. He said: “I was pretty shocked when I saw them at my door, and was relieved to find out that although I was dead, at least it was only on paper. He said he had reported the passport as stolen while he was in the same part of Thailand two years ago.
So given these situations, should Interpol have been more vigilant? Should Malaysia have been more aware and have those passport details on their database? If not then why have a passport with so much information? They were reported missing, but not subject to scrutiny getting on the same flight. Ok, so having thrown that into the first aspect of scrutiny, how about we extend it slightly with irregularities of air traffic control (ATC)… Carrying 227 passengers and 12 crew members – took off from Kuala Lumpur at 12.21am (4.21pm GMT) Saturday bound for Beijing, where it was expected to land at 6.30am (10.30pm GMT). However, after reaching 35,000ft and 120 nautical miles off the coast of the Malaysian town of Kota Bharu the plane vanished.
Malaysian newspapers that an ‘anonymous’ pilot had heard a ‘mumbled’ last transmission from the aircraft – although this is contradicted by air traffic controllers who say there was no distress call. It is alleged that the transponder was either switched off, or failed, which should have alerted the ATC, as that means other aircraft cannot see them either until they have a visual, which may not be enough time to avoid a collision. It is also alleged that if the aircraft had dropped below 30,000ft the ATC would not have them on their screen, but would still be able to maintain radio contact, so this brings the question of why this was not a red flag! At 1:21AM the plane’s transponder stopped transmitting. The other system that is not mentioned is the Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS). The ACARS is a service that runs health checks and diagnostics on an aircraft and reports this information to computers on the ground. It allows planes to receive a transmit information and messages from the ground by radio or digital signals via satellites.
According to Malaysian officials the ACARS sent its last update at 1:07AM. It was scheduled to send further updates every 30 minutes, but failed to transmit data at 1:37AM. Inmarsat network had continued to pick up “routine, automated signals” from MH370 hours after it had gone missing. Automated attempts to open channels and allow communication between the aircraft’s systems and the satellites (a process some refer to as a “digital handshake”) were unsuccessful due to Malaysia Airlines no allegedly being subscribed to this service. Satellites ping communication system approximately every hour. In the case of MH370, with the last one taking place around 8:11 AM. This means that the engines and systems were running for at least another 6-7 hours. However, Inmarsat analysts found that satellite contact with the missing plane couldn’t pin point its location. Maybe there is a reason behind Malaysian Airlines not subscribing and the inability of Inmarsat seems to justify it slightly, but not totally. So, between ATC AR3D radars and Inmarsat satellite systems… MH470 disappeared without even a pause for concern. This doesn’t instill confidence for the passengers of any airline flying in the Asian countries in and around that area. Whilst this could all be one huge coincidence, we have yet to include the pilots and their behaviour toward this flight and even before hand. Zaharie Ahmad Shah who is distantly related to the daughter-in-law of opposition leader Anwar Ibrahim. Shah is known to be a supporter of human rights groups and causes, including campaigns for increased media freedom in Malaysia. He is also a close friend of Sivarasa Rasiah, vice-president of the People’s Justice Party, of which Shah is also a member. Authorities believe that the transponder and ACARS were switched of deliberately, some have suspected whether one or both of the pilots have been involved or coerced into rerouting the plane. There has been some scrutiny into the co-pilot’s alleged breaking Malaysia Airlines’ policy of inviting passengers into the cockpit.
In 2011 he allegedly invited several young female tourists to join him and his co-pilot in the cockpit, where they reportedly paid little attention to flight controls and instead chat, smoked, took photos and entertained the women. Investigators expressed a theory that involved the missing plane evading radar by dropping to altitudes as low as 1524 metres (5000 feet). A technique known as “Terrain Masking” Also called, “Nav Of The Earth” flying. Highly skilled and used by stealth and helicopter pilots. Managing this for several hours is akin to military style flying, so how much training did the pilot have and to do this confidently for hours is nothing to sniff at. Does this mean they did this deliberately, or was this done to avert systems failure? Even if the theory of flying in another aircraft’s shadow is to be believed, it still requires amazing skill and concentration.
Given that most of this points toward a pilot and co-pilot cooperation, it is unlikely to be something that resembles a pilot suicide, but it has not been ruled out. It is also highly possible that it could have been landed in a remote location. Given the satellite and ATC could not have located the aircraft, the knowledge of the pilot cannot be taken for granted, as the coincidences seem to be piling up. Not saying that they can’t, it just seems that more than the complete information is not being presented, as most of this begins to look and sound like a Hollywood epic. OK, so all information doesn’t look good and the fact that 239 people’s lives have not been accounted for, it has been a calamity and would be comical, if it wasn’t such a disaster. By that I mean that it is unbelievable that something of this nature even exists. And given that the treatment of the grieving parents, family and loved ones was totally unbelievable, I am sure that it must be a cultural contrast to somewhere like the UK, or US. (Delayed Flight message board for Flight MH370) None of the missing passengers were named, or honoured, in any way by the Airline and even the treatment by the Prime Minister is strange by any standard. And as for the way they conveyed their message, well, I am sure that anyone finding out in this manner would be beside themselves with anger and overflowing with emotion. To remind you, this is what the SMS said, “Malaysian Airlines deeply regrets to inform you that we have to assume beyond any reasonable doubt that MH370 has been lost and that none of those on board survived”. Having put the insensitivity aside, the removal of the distressed woman that are trying to understand that 12 days in they have no information to where their children are, was badly handled and made the authorities look really bad.
I understand that the authorities want to be in control, but the families should always be the first to be told ahead of the media and the lack of this empathy alone has meant the world watched the country implode on itself whilst trying to explain what they don’t know and what they haven’t done. So, what could have happened to MH370? Well, there are known theories and also outrageous one. I will leave you to decide which ones are which, but I will indulge in a few to see if any of them are relative to your thoughts. Disintegration is highly unlikely, but not impossible. Factors to destroy everything on that aircraft, including the aircraft, means a vast amount of heat, explosion, or corrosion. To the best of my knowledge, there were no active volcanoes around the area, or in Asia, so that can be ruled out. Given the size of the 777, I would wager that some time would pass before all were disintegrated and an explosion of such magnitude would be noticed! If on board bombs were the cause, they would have to have precision and sophistication, as there would be debris, were it not. Nose dive and sunk… Now this too is unlikely, but also not impossible! Forget about the “oil-slick” trails, as that is not a likely theory. You would see fuel trails before you see oil and that would be a huge amount given the capacity of the fuel tanks and the pilot would have dumped as much as he could before impact. The zero debris is the thing that doesn’t support that theory and the fact that absolutely nothing managed to see, spot, or notice it considering the ship and aircraft traffic along the suspected routes.
However, all this can be also done in a gap in traffic and timed perfectly, or unlucky to not have someone come and see it at the right time. “Lost”! I am hoping that the whole area is known to the military as well as the users of the flight path and the sea vessels that use the area too! I have never been to Malaysia and not sure it’ on my “To Do” list, as I have other places I need to visit first! All sarcasm aside, I can assume that no mysticism has cloaked the aircraft and an island has them trapped in plain sight… OK, so I had a little sarcasm left, but just making sure that all avenues are considered… Hijacking… erm… there has been nothing to suggest this and we have heard no demands. No claims of a sectarian group claiming it in the name of whomever. And this would be the strangest hijacking in the history of hijacks! I still have to put the options on the table and make sure that I don’t have my totally clouded opinion on the table, as it were. Bad weather… no, I am not clutching at straws, as it was reported that the weather was not idyllic for search aircraft, left alone a 777, which is a better glider given the wingspan (Just shy of 200ft) and relatively young at only 20 years of service as an aircraft. It’s safety records and capabilities should almost negate the weather of that day, but could it still be a factor? One serious enough to keep as a plausible possibility? My opinion says no, but it also doesn’t mean a freak weather We are approaching 4 month, as of the publishing of this article, when flight MH370 was first announced that it had gone missing and everything is quiet. No updates, no noise from the families and loved ones… Have the FAA/CAA learnt little to nothing since the Air France 477? 5 years is a long time and the fact it took 2 years to find that aircraft, you’d have hoped systems would have been upgraded, made more able to be found by constant activation codes and mapping. Many things that have been invented don’t have to be cumbersome and can easily be installed without interfering with current systems. Even though the 777 has one of the best jet liner safety records. I could give you stats about how impressive it is and the groundbreaking technology and capabilities it holds, but I don’t think the issue lies with the Aircraft, but the human! Malaysian Airlines could have done so much and yet they allowed profit before people. Their shares plummeted (excuse the connotations) after MH370 and confidence is not a word associated with the airline and its board, let alone the franchise as a whole. Whilst the problem lays at their feet, they have not been active enough to get things done and seemingly unwilling to be held accountable.
According to the airline, they have given contractors 300 days to find the aircraft. Malaysian Airlines have set plans for new aircraft, but they will be arriving in 2015 and likely to be the 737, which has more modifications than the 777, but will it raise their poor share price? Naturally tourism and flights have taken a major hit and is at an all time low. Kuala Lumpur is looking at ways to improve the ailing situation… Have you noticed that there is nothing to aid those still grieving and looking for answers? Well, After three months of failed search efforts, families have become convinced the authorities are concealing the truth about the disappearance of the Boeing 777 and will launch the crowd-funding campaign Indiegogo in a bid to get answers. The campaign comes as Malaysia’s acting transport minister Hishammuddin Hussein condemned Boeing and Rolls Royce this week for their part in the search for the missing jet and has hit back that responsibility for the entire investigation should fall on Malaysia, Australia and China. “We are taking matters into our own hands,” Sarah Bajc told The USA Today, whose partner Philip Wood, 50, was on the flight. “There is no credible evidence that the plane is in the southern Indian Ocean, where planes, boats and a mini-sub have searched in vain for week. “I’m convinced that somebody is concealing something.” “Called ‘Reward MH370: The Search for the Truth,’ the campaign will launch Monday on Indiegogo, starting with minimum donations of $5. A $2 million fund for private investigators is also being raised to follow up leads, which Bajc acknowledges “won’t go very far”.
The grieving relatives of passengers on board missing flight MH370 is offering a $3 million (£1.8m) reward for a whistleblower to come forward and give key information into the flight’s investigation. This will add a new dimension to the outcome and many false stories, psychics, scryers and scam artists will try to be the hero of the mystery or just in it for the money. So, what have we learned as we look through the facts? It all looks like an epic story from the most unbelievable and incredible movie to come out of Hollywood. A seemingly strange events that when laid out seem suspicious and fictitious. It would seem almost mystical in its entirety. Until more information arises, the tale will always be clouded with conspiracies and twisted information. If as outrageous and mystical as this all seems, one can only hope that a miracle happens and brings them all safe home to their loved ones and a whole new chapter will arise as to what really happened?
Where did the Lottery come from?
The lottery games of today are varied and incredibly numerous, offering a near-endless range of gameplay options, risk:reward ratios and odds of winning. Some people fancy their chances playing online on sites like Coral, whilst others prefer to yell and groan along to the TV. The rules and the mediums differ, but the essence of the game is just about the same everywhere.
Lotteries are now played in almost all countries throughout the world, from Ireland to Italy, Australia to the United States of America, but where did the game come from in the first place?
The British Isles?
Whilst it may be tempting to search close to home to begin with, the birthplace of lottery games is almost undoubtedly elsewhere on the world map. Perhaps the two best known lottery draws from this part of the world are the nationally televised UK National Lottery – founded in the mid-nineties – and the Irish Lotto, which began in the 1980s. Whilst lottery games undoubtedly arrived in the UK in some form much earlier, the roots of the lottery actually extend far deeper into the past…
The Italian Quarter?
‘Italian Lotteries’ were widespread throughout Italian-American neighbourhoods of the USA around the turn of the 20th Century. The link between Italy and lotteries seems a particularly solid one – the nation’s own national draw SuperEnalotto has existed in some form or other for over half a century – and, as our next destination proves, it goes far further back in time.
Ancient Rome
Whenever you’re in doubt as to where something useful in modern society comes from, there’s a fairly strong chance that the place of origin was ancient Rome. The Romans gave us everything from viaducts to vomitoriums (we still have those, right?) and are often spoken of as the progenitors of civilisation as we know it. Hard as it may be to believe it, the Romans played the lottery too, in a range of variants from dinner party games to area-wide fund-raising lotteries not altogether dissimilar from those seen today!
China
Everyone knows that every great genius steals their ideas from somebody else. If the Romans were those great geniuses, then maybe the ancient Chinese were that somebody else. The earliest evidence of lottery style gaming in China comes from around 200BC, in the form of kendo slips. Remarkably, it is believed that the money raised through the game was used to help fund the construction of the Great Wall of China! Could it be that we’ve been playing the lottery since the dawn of civilisation? Written evidence suggests that the Chinese were doing so hundreds upon hundreds of years before those kendo slips were made!
Hazardous Chemicals Revealed In Children’s Clothing
Children’s clothing and shoes by brands including Disney, Burberry and adidas have been shown to contain hazardous chemicals which could pose risks to adults and children when released into the environment, as revealed in a study released today by Greenpeace East Asia. [1]
Tests were carried out on 82 items sold by leading clothing brands including adidas, American Apparel, C&A, GAP, H&M, Li-Ning, Nike, Primark, Puma and Uniqlo and the findings revealed in the the report entitled “A Little Story About the Monsters in Your Closet”.
Chih An Lee, Toxics Campaigner at Greenpeace East Asia said:.
“As the starting point of the global clothing supply chain, the world needs to be aware of the dangerous corners being cut in manufacturing processes in regions like East Asia. Parents in particular should know the risks these brands are posing to future generations as they use and release these toxic hazardous monsters into our environment.”
More than half of the products tested contained nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEs), a group of chemicals that break down in the environment to form toxic, hormone disrupting nonylphenol (NP). High levels were found in products made by brands including Burberry, Disney and American Apparel. Meanwhile, every item tested specifically for per / polyfluorinated compounds (PFCs) was found to contain one or more examples from this group of chemicals. [2] For example, an adidas swimsuit contained the highly persistent, PFOA at a concentration higher than the brand’s own limit in its Restricted Substance List. [3]
Though all products tested were intended for children and infants – a group particularly vulnerable to exposure to hazardous chemicals in the environment [4] – there was no significant difference between the range and levels of hazardous chemicals found in this study and those in previous studies looking at adults clothes [5].
“We need the brands to take a good hard look at their supply chain and the monsters they are using to make our children’s clothing. We also need people to recognise the power they have in bringing about change, by joining the growing movement making the industry Detox its supply chain and clean out clothes”, said An Lee
China remains the world’s largest textile producer and chemicals consumer and Greenpeace is calling on the government to help stop the use of hazardous chemicals in the textile industry. It is critical they publish a chemical blacklist to be acted upon immediately and urge factories to disclose chemical information, in order to facilitate chemical elimination and supply chain transparency and create a level playing field for the industry.
Royal Crown Derby Entertains At The Waldorf Hilton, London
At Frost there are few things we love more than a good cup of tea. So if you are looking for something quintessentially English to do then we might have something for you.
Royal Crown Derby Entertains has unveiled its fine bone china tableware for a traditional British afternoon tea offering at The Waldorf Hilton, London. The Westminster design Royal Crown Derby Entertains will be introduced at the hotel on 16 September 2013, through a special afternoon tea package.
Guests will be treated to a quintessentially English afternoon tea experience in the hotel’s deluxe Homage Grand Salon, with distinct blends of tea and exquisite finger sandwiches, pastries and cakes all served on the finest quality bone china from Royal Crown Derby Entertains. The afternoon tea occasion has been further refined to include a live harpist and champagne trolley including a vintage champagne option.
Manufactured in the heart of England at the company’s Derby based factory, Royal Crown Derby Entertains is a range of delicate tableware pieces embellished with iconic patterns from Royal Crown Derby’s distinguished history. Sourced from the company’s extensive pattern archive, Westminster was conceived by Royal Crown Derby Entertains to bring a sense of elegance to a hotel or restaurant table. The range features a distinctive sweeping motif, which has been set against the pure white finish of the bone china and Royal Crown Derby’s signature 22 carat gold border. The Royal Crown Derby Entertains collection comprises all of the fundamental ingredients for a formal afternoon tea. Each piece has been painstakingly designed to deliver the highest quality performance and preserve the subtle intricacies associated with the ceremony.
The Waldorf Hilton, London, has a rich London heritage spanning over a hundred years, with is interior bringing to life the glamour of the roaring twenties through an elegant art deco décor. Situated on the tree-lined thoroughfare of Aldwych, the hotel is a stone’s throw from Theatreland and some of the capital’s most iconic attractions.
Peter Beckwith, area general manager, London, Hilton Worldwide, said, “At The Waldorf Hilton we pride ourselves on our heritage and partnering with Royal Crown Derby was an excellent opportunity to expand and take delight in our rich hotel history. Through collaboration of our afternoon tea and the Westminster Collection, guests will be treated to a truly traditional British afternoon tea experience.”
The Royal Crown Derby Entertains collection includes six designs, Chelsea, Westminster, Covent Garden, Knightsbridge, St James and Piccadilly, with an array of shapes available for breakfast, lunch, afternoon tea and dinner services. The ranges are complemented by a bespoke design service that enables special commissions to be fabricated in Royal Crown Derby’s factory.
Royal Crown Derby Entertains Sales Director John Mohin comments: “When developing the Royal Crown Derby Entertains collection we drew upon our wealth of history and experience in producing the finest tableware for an afternoon tea ceremony or formal dining occasion. Each of the ranges within our portfolio reflects Royal Crown Derby’s rich heritage of creative artistry and technical skill within its border pattern, with every design sourced from our archive and reinterpreted to meet the demands of the premium hospitality industry.”
Chinese Shanghai Composite index falls 5.3% on Monday
Recent actions by the Chinese regulators to curb lending has further unnerved investors already unsettled by recent comments from Ben Bernanke. The interest rates Chinese banks charge each other surged last week to record highs before falling back. And following a recent statement by the People’s Bank of China, the Shanghai Composite Index fell 5.3% Monday night.
Adrian Lowcock, Senior Investment Manager, at Hargreaves Lansdown;-
“China’s new leadership is addressing some of the risks that have been building up in the banking system, inevitably this could result in some short term pain, possibly impacting on growth but it should benefit China in the longer run. Chinese stock markets do look cheap at present, based on 20 years of information. In addition it is important to remember that China is a state-controlled economy and therefore it is very difficult to make a clear judgement on the accuracy of the information being provided. There are some concerns China’s shadow banking system will spiral out of control, however it seems unlikely the People’s Bank of China will let the system fail.“
“In line with their 5 year plan China is undergoing a change from an export driven manufacturer to a consumer focused economy. This transition is not going to be smooth and there will be some bumps along the way. China continues to grow, at around 6 to 7% per annum, but like all emerging markets this does not lead to a smooth rise in the equity market.
In 2007 investing in China was very popular and as a result valuations rose to very high levels. The market has underperformed both developed and emerging markets since. There are clearly issues in China’s financial system and authorities are now taking action to deal with these. For long term investors that want to have exposure to China this setback could be providing an opportunity to invest. Company earnings are rising and valuations are looking much more attractive. Most investors can get sufficient exposure through a well-diversified emerging markets fund such as First State Asia Pacific Leaders which has 23.9% in the region or Aberdeen Asia Pacific which has 18.47% in the area. For investors wishing to take a more adventurous approach and are able to tolerate a higher level of risk then Jupiter China, managed by Philip Ehrmann, provides exposure.”
HOLLYWOOD – IS IT STILL THE CENTRE OF THE FILM MAKING WORLD?
Following the success at the Oscars of both Argo, a big pat on the back of Hollywood, and Life of
Pi, an ‘international’ film with no recognisable big name star, Jonathan Brown looks at whether Hollywood is still the centre of the film Universe.
‘Domestic’
Hollywood is Cinema, right? After all, despite every country having its own awards ceremony, the
Oscars are still seen as the pinnacle of the film making world – at least to the studio marketing men.
Even though film wasn’t created in the US, it’s where it became what it is today. If fact, some of the
big original Hollywood studio are still around today, and, despite flagging profits, are as influential as ever. To be classified a big blockbuster, you need to take over $300m ‘domestic’ , ie in the USA.
Even if you flopped abroad, a good take at home could be enough to make a success. Even in Britain,
films like Skyfall are sold as the ‘Number 1 USA Box Office Hit’, even if they only spent one weekend at the top and just broke even.
The American box office was, and still is, the judge of commercial success, in the way the Oscars
were the mark of critical success (there’s an argument that the Oscars are way of the pulse of new
and exciting cinema, but that’s a different article).
But the tide is turning. America, as a country, is suffering more than most in the economic downturn,
and, while Hollywood continues to spend more and more on their blockbusters (the recent Twilight
movie cost £120m!), the people spending the most of their hard earned wages going to see these
blockbusters is moving.
‘Overseas’
While America still is the biggest single market for movies, and is far ahead of its closest rivals,
the ‘Overseas’ market is becoming a bigger cash cow.
Let’s have a look at the numbers. The usual ratio for a movie is around 40% of its takings from the
US and 60% from overseas – roughly. Ten years ago, in 2002, just four of the top ten highest grossing
movies took more than 60% of their box office from overseas, with two films (Signs and My Big Fat
Greek Wedding), taking less than half.
In fact, My Big Fat Greek Wedding took 76% of its taking from the US. And I’m assuming the other
24% from Greece.
Skip forward ten years, to 2012, and seven films took over 60% from overseas with Ice Age 4 taking
82% from overseas. Compare this to the first Ice Age move, which took only 54% from ‘foreign’ box
office and the swing becomes hugely noticeable, and important.
It’s the same if you compare 2011 and 2001. In 2001, there were just two films making over 60% of
its box office from foreign markets, while in 2011 there were nine films.
In 2009, box-office behemoth Avatar took 72% of £2.7bn from overseas. Ten years earlier, The
Phantom Menace, the new Star Wars movie the world had been waiting for, took just 54% from said
world.
If we go even further back, to the days of ET and the original Star Wars, the take is even slimmer,
with overseas counting for just 45% and 40% respectively.
Some of the shift can be accounted for by long term word of mouth, or even self-fulfilling prophecy.
Many of the big sequels, especially animations, have made huge amounts overseas, while their
domestic take, while still massive, hasn’t grow as fast.
When a film has been classed as a hit in the US, companies are a lot happier pushing the sequels
overseas. Also, while many overseas viewers might not have caught the original at the cinema, the
may have bought the DVD, seen it on TV, or downloaded it.
However, you don’t need to be a hit in the US to be a hit abroad. A textbook example of how foreign
markets can make a film a success is the recently released, and hugely divisive, Cloud Atlas. Directed
by the Wachowskis and Tom Twyker, the film has been classed a huge flop. On a budget reported to
be around $100m, it opened to just $9m in the USA.
As the US is so opening weekend focus (film takings tend to drop off by around 40-60% per
weekend), the chances of it making its budget back in America were pretty slim. It went on to earn
just £27m in total – domestic.
However, the film, set across various countries with a cast from across the world, has made a very
decent $80m overseas – so far. The $80m take does not include the UK, France, Japan and Australia.
This could easily add another £10-20m to its take.
Some of this change, especially from the 70’s/80’s, is the arrival across the world of the multiplex
cinema – meaning more films, more showings, and more attendees in the foreign markets. Factory
cinema, if you will.
However, this doesn’t account for the change in the past ten years. These changes are partly due to
two main factors – one is the new middle classes in the emerging markets like India, China and South
America, where people are starting to get some Rupees, Pesos or Yuen in their pockets, and having
the free time to spend it.
Secondly, is the move in America away from cinema to home viewing. Companies like NetFlix are
drawing people away from the multiplex and into the living room, despite desperate Hollywood’s
attempt to keep them with the introduction of the ultimate cinema experience – 3D.
This has seen cash intake increase slightly, due to higher ticket prices for 3D films, but attendances
are still dropping.
And why wouldn’t they, when you’ve had vast improvements and reduction of costs of home cinema
systems, or just a decent TV, and the reduction in time it takes for a film to go from the cinema to
online. People are realising they’d rather wait a couple of months and watch it on their home 3D
system, instead of paying $20 for a cinema ticket.
The Future
So, what does this mean for the future of blockbusters? I can see two possible outcomes.
The Hollywood studios could start to tailor their films more for foreign markets, using casts,
locations and directors from across the globe.
While Hollywood is keen on using foreign actors, they always tend to be the bad guy – maybe we’ll
see a few more leading actors from across the globe in mainstream Hollywood movies.
Or, more cynically, it could mean that distributors start to buy up more screen space in foreign
cinemas, pushing out locally made films.
However, on the evidence, especially in the foreign markets with an established film industry, this is
not the case. In 2009, four of China’s top ten grossing films where from China. China does however
limit the number of foreign movies able to be released a year.
In India in the same year, seven where from India (and one of the other ones was Slumdog
Millionaire).
So, maybe there is a balance to be struck. Maybe Hollywood can start to look outwards, taking
influence from a world of cinema, while still pumping in the big bucks to bring the big spectacle.